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1. The Judiciary in Federal Systems in Africa
(Nico Steytler & Zemelak Ayele/Essay)
... regard. First, does the structure of the judicial institutions also follow the vertical division of powers between the central and subnational governments? Secondly, given the non-centrist or centrist ...
... and c) the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms and other parts of the Constitution Act, 1982, where a special focus will be given to language and Aboriginal rights. ...
...  this essay comes up with is wider and more comprehensive than the one provided by scholars as Hermalin and Arce. This is why it will be important, given the aim of the essay, to keep an eye on the ...
... Several papers compare the organizational and functional design of territorial second chambers. Finally, closer examination is given to the EU’s Committee of Regions and the second chambers in Austria, ...
... part of the article I look at the recent developments that have given the CoR new powers, for instance in light of Art. 263 TFEU in order to defend its own prerogatives and Art. 8 of Protocol No 2 on the ...
... of these two components to the activity of parliaments, these analyses are incomplete. The functions and competences of a given second chamber depend on the way it represents pluralism: the weight that ...
... Method, but its development is still full of uncertainties given that constitutional equilibrium is far from being definitively reached. ...
8. Margins of Nationality. External ethnic citizenship and non-discrimination
(Kriszta Kovács, Zsolt Körtvélyesi, and Alíz Nagy/Essay)
People are usually born into their political communities, and only a minority of them become member of the given community by naturalisation. Sovereign states enjoy a great margin of appreciation in defining ...
... Austria has rather weak structures with regard to power-sharing. No wonder, given the structural bias between central state and substates, informal forces are at work in order to make up for the shortcomings ...
... is the achievement of positive equality. This tendency could be smoothed by in the European Regional Policy. However, this article puts this into question given the current link of Regional Funds to both ...
... institutions at those levels, are involved only in the execution of decisions passed by the centre. Given such a context, the establishment and empowerment of local government – which took place in two ...
... came into force, a lot of doubts were raised as to the dangerously arbitrary nature of these measures given that, while imposing heavy limitations on freedom of movement and other fundamental rights and ...
... parties and groups. If the Parliament obtains that the first nomination be given to the party candidate of the group with the most seats in the EP, namely Jean-Claude Juncker, it would probably also rally ...
... a specific issue of disaster management: given the low probability of high impact disasters, it is difficult to assess related risks, so their regulation involves balancing different rights and interests ...
... Neither National nor Regional Parliaments are given a real power of veto. However, their active involvement – through the day-to-day activity of direction and scrutiny of their executives and sometimes ...
... intra-regional trade volume and stimulate economic growth in all three counties. However, given the tremendous differences in economic structure and development stage between the three countries as well ...
... and later sub-constitutional) regarding elections of regional Councils, and the Regions have been given concurring or residual legislative competences, thus authorizing them to autonomously adopt rules ...
... should rely on increasingly co-operative models. Regions are called upon to become policy-making bodies in charge of steering and planning activities for the respective territories. Given this scenario, ...
19. Policy
(Nocomment/no comment)
... the aims requested and will only be given to third parties if this is absolutely necessary in order to achieve such aim.      TYPES OF DATA PROCESSED  Surfing data The IT systems and software procedures ...
20. Accessibility
(Nocomment/no comment)
... 17th January, 2004 ). Furthermore, it follows the accessibility guidelines given by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) for the Web accessibility Initiative (WAI), according to the principle of universality. ...
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