... The basic idea is expressed by the dilemma whether the EU should exclusively be seen as an agent of the Member States, or the situation is much more complex. The paper is going to detect three types of ...
2.
European Taxes and Fiscal Justice: Citizens’ Support and Lessons from the US
(Tomasz P. Woźniakowski and Miguel Poiares Maduro/Essay)
(Tomasz P. Woźniakowski and Miguel Poiares Maduro/Essay)
... the term ‘fiscalization’ which implies the power to tax, rather than ambiguous terms such as ‘Eurozone budget’. History of federations, such as the US, teaches us that some types of taxes can only be ...
3.
Unicameralism, Bicameralism, Multicameralism: Evolution and Trends in Europe
(Paolo Passaglia/Essay)
(Paolo Passaglia/Essay)
... by a ‘territorial’ second chamber. Nevertheless, other types of bicameralism deserve attention too, not only to provide a comprehensive outline of the comparative scene, but also to find features that ...
... these approaches, provides us with prototypes for a centralist approach (the UK), a gate-keeper approach (Germany) and a dualist approach (Belgium). At the same time, these indicators can be used to refine ...
5.
The Territoriality of Fiscal Solidarity: Comparing Swiss Equalisation with European Union Structural Funding
(Sean Mueller - Soeren Keil/Essay)
(Sean Mueller - Soeren Keil/Essay)
... to both a “civic” sense of belonging and a “cosmopolitan” identity. After placing types and degrees of (inter-)territorial solidarity at the heart of our conceptual perspective, we discuss the effects ...
6.
Empowering Local Democracy In Catalonia: Tools And Policy Domains To Implement a Top-Down Solution
(Lluís Medir Tejado/Essay)
(Lluís Medir Tejado/Essay)
... different types of instruments for public deliberation in the Catalan local administration system are identified and presented, based on the place they take in the policy cycle. On the other hand, we focus ...
The goal of this monographic is the analysis of citizen participation in the regional and local levels of government of Italy and Spain. The assays present the current situation of the different types ...
... regime. The article also contains a brief description of three particular types of referendum, i.e. the regional referendum, the referendum for territorial modifications and the local referendum. The conclusion ...
... the aims requested and will only be given to third parties if this is absolutely necessary in order to achieve such aim. TYPES OF DATA PROCESSED Surfing data The IT systems and software procedures ...