Perspectives on Federalism is a free on-line peer-reviewed journal, promoted by the Centre for Studies on Federalism.

The Spanish Constitution has strict regulations regarding direct and participatory democratic mechanisms (referendum, popular legislative initiative). The Constitution has adopted the most restrictive popular legislative initiative (PLI) model (the final decision of Parliament and with no possibility of referendum) compared to other decentralised countries, where referenda may be held either on legislation arising from a direct popular initiative or a PLI rejected by Parliament. The Autonomous Communities have regulated PLIs with the same reluctance as they have had regulating the Constitution and the Organic Act on Popular Legislative Initiative . As a result of this regulation, citizens rarely use a legislative initiative, and when they do, it hardly ever leads to the adoption of an act